What is a common characteristic of ACE inhibitors like captopril?

ACE inhibitors, such as captopril, are well-known for their ability to reduce blood pressure. They achieve this by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which plays a critical role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). By blocking ACE, these medications prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. The reduction of angiotensin II leads to vasodilation, decreased peripheral vascular resistance, and ultimately results in lower blood pressure.

Additionally, ACE inhibitors also decrease the secretion of aldosterone, which reduces sodium and water retention. This further contributes to the antihypertensive effect. Therefore, the primary mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors is to lower blood pressure, making this characteristic a defining feature of this class of medications.