What is a common side effect of nitroprusside administration that the nurse should monitor?

Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator used in the management of severe hypertension and acute heart failure. One common side effect that healthcare providers should closely monitor in patients receiving nitroprusside is dizziness. This occurs due to its rapid vasodilatory effects, which can lead to decreased systemic vascular resistance and a subsequent drop in blood pressure, especially when ascending or changing positions. Patients experiencing these effects might feel lightheaded or dizzy, which could increase the risk of falls or injury. Monitoring for dizziness is essential as it provides insight into how well the patient is tolerating the medication and whether adjustments in dosage or supportive measures are necessary to ensure patient safety.

Headaches can occur with nitroprusside use but are less prominent than dizziness. Neutropenia and hyponatremia are not typical side effects associated with nitroprusside, making dizziness the most relevant aspect to monitor.