What side effect is commonly associated with ACE inhibitors?

ACE inhibitors, or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, are known for a variety of side effects, one of the most commonly recognized being a dry cough. This side effect occurs due to the accumulation of bradykinin, a peptide that can result from the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme. While the primary action of ACE inhibitors is to lower blood pressure by preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (a potent vasoconstrictor), they also increase bradykinin levels, leading to the irritation of the airways and subsequent cough.

This dry cough is often persistent and can be bothersome enough for patients to discontinue the medication, which indicates its significance as a side effect in clinical practice. Understanding this effect is crucial for healthcare providers to manage patient expectations and alternative treatment strategies effectively.